This is ccrtp.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from ccrtp.texi.

INFO-DIR-SECTION Development
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* GNU ccRTP: (ccrtp).        GNU ccRTP Real-Time Transport Protocol Framework.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

   GNU ccRTP is a C++ class framework for the development of Real Time
Transport Protocol (RTP) based applications. It is based on GNU Common
C++.

   Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Federico Montesino
Pouzols <fedemp@altern.org>.  Permission is granted to copy, distribute
and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free
Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by
the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is
included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Top,  Next: Introduction,  Up: (dir)

GNU ccRTP Manual
****************

This manual describes GNU ccRTP, a C++ class framework for the
development of Real Time Transport Protocol (RTP) based applications.

   This is the edition 1.3 of this manual and documents GNU ccRTP
version 1.3.

* Menu:

* Introduction::                What RTP and ccRTP are.
* Distribution::                How to get GNU ccRTP.
* ccRTP Overview::              The library at a glance.
* Using ccRTP::                 Programming with GNU ccRTP overview.
* Specialized Payload Formats:: Supported payload specific extensions.
* Standards Tracking::          IETF Standards conformance.
* Upgrading::                   Upgrading applications based on old releases.
* ccRTP Internals::             How GNU ccRTP is done.
* Related Work::                Other RTP related libraries and tools.
* Future Work::                 Future of RTP and ccRTP.
* Licenses::                    Library and documentation licenses.
* Class and Data Type Index::   Index of classes and data types in ccRTP.
* Method and Function Index::   Index of methods and functions in ccRTP.
* Concept Index::               Index of concepts.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Introduction,  Next: Distribution,  Prev: Top,  Up: Top

1 Introduction
**************

ccRTP is a C++ framework for developing applications based on the Real
Time Transport Protocol (RTP henceforth). RTP provides end-to-end
delivery services for data with real-time characteristics and is being
developed by the Audio/Video Working Group of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF).

   ccRTP aims to be an efficient and flexible framework valid for almost
any kind of application that uses RTP, ranging from high loaded servers
and gateways to personal phone applications. Default constructs and
values are provided however for the most common choices in the use of
RTP. ccRTP conforms to the latest RTP specifications (*note Standards
Tracking::).

   ccRTP is based on the GNU Common C++ framework, though most of the
library does not require it. Common C++ provides basic system services
such as threading, synchronization and sockets(1), which makes it
possible to provide a complete solution for the use of RTP. However,
although ccRTP provides facilities and abstractions useful for the RTP
specific components of applications that use RTP, such applications
generally require similar system services for other tasks. Besides
supporting ccRTP, Common C++ provides a portable and efficient
framework for these kind of services.

   RTP has been defined as an application level protocol framework
rather than a typical Internet transport protocol such as TCP and UDP.
Thus, RTP is hardly ever implemented as a layer separated from the
application. Consequently, RTP applications often must customize the
adaptable RTP packet layout and processing rules, timing constraints,
session membership rules as well as other RTP and RTCP mechanisms.
ccRTP aims to provide a framework for the RTP framework, rather than
being just an RTP packet manipulation library.

   As a clarification of the scope of the ccRTP library and the RTP
protocol, we note that ccRTP exclusively deals with the transport of
data over the RTP protocol. Once parameters such as destination IP
address and transport port, payload type identifier and timestamp
frequency are known, ccRTP can be used to open an RTP session and send
and receive RTP and RTCP packets. A multimedia application will have
those parameters previously set or, more usually, they can be fetched
for example from SDP multimedia session descriptions, which can be
interchanged (and negotiated) between servers and clients by means of
some signaling protocol: SIP, RTSP, or even H.323. Signaling functions
are not handled by ccRTP.

   This document is an introductory programmer's manual, for a more
exhaustive reference see the reference manual distributed with GNU
ccRTP. In *note ccRTP Overview::, the most important concepts and some
basic examples are introduced. A deeper and step by step description as
well as short examples are provided in *note Using ccRTP::.

   Finally, if after reading this document and/or using ccRTP you think
it fails to provide some functionality that seems to be needed for some
application, we encourage you to contact the developers of ccRTP and
ask or propose them improvements and/or additions. You are also
encouraged to provide these improvements and to join the development
team. Bug reports, suggestions and criticisms are gladly accepted.

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) As well as other more specialized services, such as MD5
computation.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Distribution,  Next: ccRTP Overview,  Prev: Introduction,  Up: Top

2 Distribution
**************

GNU ccRTP is free software (see
`http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html'. It is licensed under
the terms of the GNU General Public License, *Note GNU General Public
License::, plus a linking exception, *Note GNU ccRTP Linking
Exception::.

   The linking exception is the same that is used for gcc libstdc++.
This was done in the case of libstdc++ because the language of the LGPL
is neither clear nor correct if one uses C++ features such as templates
and method implimentation directly in headers, as the division between
the C++ library and another's application is no longer purely a linking
one.  From the practical standpoint, the exact effect is the same as
the LGPL, but with language that matches these C++ features.  This is
all explained at
`http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/17_intro/license.html'.

   This manual is licensed under the terms of the GNU Free
Documentation License, *Note GNU Free Documentation License::.

   There are several ways to get GNU ccRTP, refer to
`http://www.gnu.org' and `http://www.gnu.org/software/ccrtp/'. The
development of ccRTP is hosted at Savannah
`http://sv.gnu.org/projects/ccrtp/'.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: ccRTP Overview,  Next: Using ccRTP,  Prev: Distribution,  Up: Top

3 ccRTP Overview
****************

At its highest level, ccRTP provides classes for the real-time
transport of data through RTP sessions, as well as the control
functions of RTCP.

   The main concept in the ccRTP implementation of RTP sessions is the
use of packet queues to handle transmission and reception of RTP data
packets/application data units. In ccRTP, a data block is transmitted
by putting it into the transmission (outgoing packets) queue, and
received by getting it from the reception (incoming packets) queue.

   Starting with 1.0 releases, ccRTP fully supports RTP and RTCP. Here
is a brief list of some features of ccRTP:

   * Highly extensible to specialized stacks.

   * Supports unicast, multi-unicast and multicast. Handles multiple
     sources (including synchronization sources and contributing
     sources) and destinations. Also supports symmetric RTP.

   * Automatic RTCP functions handling, such as association of
     synchronization sources from the same participant or NTP-RTP
     timestamp mapping.

   * Genericity as for underlying network and transport protocols
     through templates.

   * It is threadsafe and supports almost any threading model.

   * Generic and extensible RTP and RTCP header validity checks.

   * Handles source states and information as well as statistics
     recording.

   * Automatically handles SSRC collisions and performs loop detection.

   * Implements timer reconsideration and reverse reconsideration.

   * Provides good random numbers, based on `/dev/urandom' or,
     alternatively, on MD5.


   There are several levels of interface (public interface, public or
protected inheritance, etc) in ccRTP. For instance, the `rtphello' demo
program distributed with ccRTP just uses the public interface of the
`RTPSession' class and does not redefine the virtual method `onGotSR',
thus what this program knows about SR reports is the information
conveyed in the last sender report from any source, which can be
retrieved via the `getMRSenderInfo' method of the `SyncSource' class.
On the contrary, the `rtplisten' demo program redefines `onGotSR' by
means of inheritance and could do specialized processing of these RTCP
packets. Generally, both data and control packets are not directly
accessible through the most external interface.

   All these functions are performed through a few essential classes and
types. The most basic ones are the enumerated type `StaticPayloadType',
and the classes `StaticPayloadFormat' and `DynamicPayloadFormat'. The
most important ones are the classes `RTPSession', `SyncSource',
`Participant' and `AppDataUnit', that represent RTP sessions,
synchronization sources, participants in an RTP application, and
application data units conveyed in RTP data packets, respectively.

   In the next sections, two basic examples are presented. These
examples are intended to provide a concrete idea of what the code of a
ccRTP based application looks like, they are not complete or compilable
programs. You can find some real examples under the demo directory in
the source distribution of ccRTP.

* Menu:

* Simple Transmitter::           Skeleton of a simple transmitter.
* Simple Receiver::              Skeleton of a simple receiver.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Simple Transmitter,  Next: Simple Receiver,  Up: ccRTP Overview

3.1 Simple Transmitter
======================

The following snippet illustrates the required steps to send an
application data unit over RTP.

     RTPSession s(InetHostAddress("127.0.0.1"),8000);  // bind reception socket

     // Initialization
     cout << "Local SSRC identifier: " << s.getLocalSSRC() << endl;
     s.addDestination("www.example.com",9000); // set one destination for packets
     s.setPayloadFormat(staticPayloadFormat(sptPCMU));
     s.startRunning(); // start running the packet queue scheduler

     // Send data
     s.putData(0,buffer,bufferLen); // buffer holds bufferLen payload octets


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Simple Receiver,  Prev: Simple Transmitter,  Up: ccRTP Overview

3.2 Simple Receiver
===================

The required actions to receive an application data unit over RTP are
listed in the following code snippet.

     RTPSession s(InetHostAddress("127.0.0.1"),9000);  // bind reception socket.

     // Initialization.
     cout << "Local SSRC identifier: " << s.getLocalSSRC() << endl;
     s.setPayloadFormat(staticPayloadFormat(sptPCMU));
     s.startRunning(); // start running the packet queue scheduler.

     // Receive data.
     const AppDataUnit* adu;
     adu = s.getData(0); // get data with initial -0- timestamp.
     if ( adu != NULL )
        // do something with adu.
        // adu->getType() provides the payload type.
        // adu->getData() provides a const uint8 pointer to a data buffer.
        // adu->getSize() provides the number of octets in the buffer.
        // see other methods in the class AppDataUnit, such as getSource().


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Using ccRTP,  Next: Specialized Payload Formats,  Prev: ccRTP Overview,  Up: Top

4 Using ccRTP
*************

When using ccRTP, both sending and receiving of data transported over
RTP sessions is done through reception and transmission queues handled
by the RTP stack. In the most common case, a separate execution thread
for each RTP session handles the queues. This case is the threading
model that we will generally assume throughout this document. Note
however that ccRTP supports other threading models, particularly ccRTP
supports the use of a single execution thread to serve a set of RTP
sessions. It is also possible to not associate any separate thread with
any RTP session, manually calling the main data and control service
methods from whatever other thread.

   The basic idea for packet reception with ccRTP is that the
application does not directly read packets from sockets but gets them
from a reception queue. The stack is responsible for inserting received
packets in the reception queue and handling this queue. In general, a
packet reception and insertion in the reception queue does not occur at
the same time the application gets it from the queue.

   Conversely, the basic idea for packet transmission with ccRTP is that
packets are not directly written to sockets but inserted in a
transmission queue handled by the stack. In general, packet insertion
and transmission occur at different times, though it is not necessary.

   In order to use ccRTP, you must include the main header (`#include
<ccrtp/rtp.h>'. Two additional headers are provided by ccRTP:

``#include <ccrtp/rtppool.h''
     Classes for pools of RTP service threads.

``#include <ccrtp/rtpext.h>''
     Classes for RTP extensions which are not mature yet.


   You must also link in the library, currently `ccrtp1'.

   As presented in the last examples, before starting to send or receive
data, RTP sessions must be created, the payload format to use must be
set and the stack must be signaled to start running. The following
sections describe the use of ccRTP during the different phases of RTP
sessions and RTP applications in general.

* Menu:

* RTP Sessions::                 Using ccRTP to establish RTP sessions.
* Payload Types and Formats::    Payload types and formats.
* Participants::                 Participants and sources of synchronization.
* RTP Packets Extensions::       Extensions to RTP data packets handling.
* RTCP Packets Extensions::      Extensions to RTCP packets handling.
* Handling Events::              Table of ccRTP plug-ins to react to events.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: RTP Sessions,  Next: Payload Types and Formats,  Up: Using ccRTP

4.1 RTP Sessions
================

This section discusses the use of `RTPSession' objects. Some other
classes and concepts are also used, these are just briefly presented
here; deeper explanations are provided in next sections.

* Menu:

* Initiating Sessions::          RTP sessions initialization with ccRTP.
* Sending Data::                 Sending RTP data packets.
* Receiving Data::               Receiving RTP data packets.
* Closing Sessions::             Extensions to RTP data packets handling.
* Types of Sessions::            Choosing a threading and socket model.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Initiating Sessions,  Next: Sending Data,  Up: RTP Sessions

4.1.1 Initiating Sessions
-------------------------

Initiating RTP sessions with ccRTP involves the construction of an
object of the class `RTPSession' and calling some optional
initialization methods. `RTPSession' constructors take two mandatory
arguments: local network address and local transport port (where
incoming packets are expected). There are two constructors, one of them
takes a host address as first parameter, while the other takes a
multicast address. In the latter case, the application will join to a
multicast group.

   General purpose RTP stacks of ccRTP, such as `RTPSession' objects,
must be signaled to start execution. This is done calling the
`startRunning()' method. Note there is also a `enableStack()' method,
this only activates the stack but does not start the execution of the
stack thread.

   After the steps above, the application can receive data, but will not
transmit to any destination. This and other session parameters can be
set as follows:

   * Add destinations: calling the method `addDestination'.

   * Set payload format. Method `setPayloadFormat'. By default, the
     static payload type 0 is assumed (PCMU format at 8Khz).

   * Set local SDES Items. For common applications, the CNAME item
     value is automatically guessed as user@host. Other items have no
     default value and are not sent in RTCP packets unless a value is
     specified by the application. For those items that should be sent
     in RTCP packets along with the mandatory CNAME, its values can be
     set calling the `setSDESItem'  and `setPRIVPrefix' methods over
     the object returned by the `defaultApplication' global function.

   * Enable padding of data packets. Calling setPadding(uint8) on
     outgoing data queues enables transparent padding of data packets
     to a multiple of the padding maximum length specified. By default,
     padding is off (maximum length of padding is 0).

   * setting addresses:

   * Set session bandwidth calling the `setSessionBandwidth' method of
     the session object. If not called, a default bandwidth of 64Kbps
     is assumed, and 5% of this bandwidth is used for RTCP. This
     percentage can be changed through the setControlBandwidth method.



File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Sending Data,  Next: Receiving Data,  Prev: Initiating Sessions,  Up: RTP Sessions

4.1.2 Sending Data
------------------

Data packets are sent through the method `putData', that takes as first
parameter the RTP timestamp for the data specified as second parameter.
ccRTP handles the random offset for the RTP timestamp internally, so
the timestamp value that corresponds to the session creation time is 0.

   By default, the marker bit of the sent packets is not set. Its value
for the next packet (the one that will convey the data provided in the
next call to `putData') can be set through the `setMark' method, which
takes a boolean as argument.

   ccRTP also supports fragmenting data blocks into several RTP
packets. The `setMaxSendSegmentSize' method can be used to request that
no RTP packet be transmitted with a payload length greater than the
value specified through `setMaxSendSegmentSize'. The default value of
this parameter can be retrieved via `getDefaultMaxSendSegmentSize',
which currently should return 65536. When data blocks greater than the
maximum segment size are provided through `putData', two or more packet
will be inserted in the outgoing packet queue. All these packets but
the last one will have length equal to the maximum segment size,
whereas the last one's size will be lower or equal to the maximum
segment size.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Receiving Data,  Next: Closing Sessions,  Prev: Sending Data,  Up: RTP Sessions

4.1.3 Receiving Data
--------------------

Received data is retrieved from the incoming packet queue through the
`getData' method, which, given a timestamp and an optional source of
synchronization. This method returns a pointer to an `AppDataUnit'
object as opposed to a pointer to a memory block. In ccRTP application
data units are represented through objects of the `AppDataUnit' class,
that provides access to the synchronization source of the data and
other related properties.

   The incoming packet queue takes care of functions such as packet
reordering or filtering out duplicate packets.

   You can guess if there are packets in the reception queue calling
`isWaiting'. Both `getData' and `isWaiting' take an optional parameter
which selects a particular synchronization source of data units. If not
specified, data units are returned regardless of its source.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Closing Sessions,  Next: Types of Sessions,  Prev: Receiving Data,  Up: RTP Sessions

4.1.4 Closing Sessions
----------------------

RTP sessions can be closed deleting or destroying `RTPSession' objects.
The stack sends a BYE packet to every destination when the destructor
of sessions is called. It is also possible to explicitly send a BYE
packet through the dispatchBYE method, which takes the leaving reason
string as argument. Note that dispatchBYE will honor a number of rules
for sending BYE packets specified in the RTP standard: a BYE packet is
not sent if no RTP/RTCP packet was sent, and BYE floods avoiding
mechanisms are employed.

   Note that when a BYE RTCP packet is received from a remote
participant, the virtual `onGotGoodbye' will be called.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Types of Sessions,  Prev: Closing Sessions,  Up: RTP Sessions

4.1.5 Types of Sessions
-----------------------

_TODO:_ explain how to instantiate templates depending on the threading
model and the number of sockets to use. Also symmetric
channels/sessions. Describe what's a channel and a session.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Payload Types and Formats,  Next: Participants,  Prev: RTP Sessions,  Up: Using ccRTP

4.2 Payload Types and Formats
=============================

In the context of RTP, an RTP payload type is a 7-bit numeric
identifier that identifies a payload format.  For payload types, GNU
ccRTP defines the integer type `PayloadType'. ccRTP also defines The
enumerated type `StaticPayloadType', as the enumeration of the RTP
Payload Types statically assigned for standard audio and video formats.

   These codes were initially specified in `RFC 1890, "RTP Profile for
Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control" (AVP profile)',
superseded by `RFC 3550', and are registered as MIME types in `RFC
3555'. Codes below 96 may be assigned statically, although the default
bindings for many of them are already reserverd. Codes in the range
96-127 are assigned dinamically by means outside of the RTP profile or
protocol specification.

   See the "RTP Parameters" list at IANA
`http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters'. Note however that
registering static payload types is now considered a deprecated
practice in favor of dynamic payload type negotiation.

   The properties of a payload format that, as an RTP stack, ccRTP
takes into account are the payload type (numeric identifier) and the
RTP clock rate. Other properties, such as MIME type, number of audio
channels, "ptime" and "maxptime" are not considered. These are only of
interest for higher level protocols, such as SDP and H.245.

   GNU ccRTP defines a hierarchy of payload format classes. Its root is
`PayloadFormat', which is a base class for `StaticPayloadFormat' and
`DynamicPayloadFormat'.

   Static payload format objects are built from a static payload code.
These are defined in the enumerated type `StaticPayloadType'. The
following example constructs a `StaticPayloadFormat' object
corresponding to the payload type 0 (statically bounded to PCMA in `RFC
3551'):

     StaticPayloadType pt = sptPCMU;
     StaticPayloadFormat* spf = new StaticPayloadFormat(pt);

   Of course, we could have said:

     StaticPayloadFormat* spf = new StaticPayloadFormat(sptPCMA);

   StaticPayloadFormat objects build like the ones above hold the
necessary parameters so that the RTP stack can handle incoming and
outgoing packets.

   Regarding dynamic payload formats, a call to
`DynamicPayloadFormat::DynamicPayloadFormat(100,90000)' like the
following:

     DynamicPayloadFormat* dpf = new DynamicPayloadFormat(100,90000);

   Will construct a dynamic payload format object that ties together the
'100' payload type numeric identifier and an RTP clock rate of 90 Khz.
Note that the numeric identifier does not have to be in the dynamic
range. The static payload types are default bindings and MAY be
overriden, thus, DynamicPayloadFormat(0,90000) is a valid construct
provided 0 has been established as the payload type through a previous
negotiation process(1).

   Whether and how the payload has been negotiated is outside of the
scope of RTP and ccRTP, so applications must choose between
`StaticPayloadFormat' and `DynamicPayloadFormat' accordingly to their
multimedia session control mechanisms.

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) Despite the fact that RFC 3551 defines a static binding of the 0
code to mu-law PCM at 8Khz.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Participants,  Next: RTP Packets Extensions,  Prev: Payload Types and Formats,  Up: Using ccRTP

4.3 Participants And Sources of Synchronization
===============================================

In GNU ccRTP, there are classes that represent RTP applications
(`RTPApplication'), participants (`Participant'), synchronizacion
sources (`SyncSource') and RTP sessions (`RTPSession'). The relations
among these entities are shown in the following diagram:

                          ---------------
      --------------------| Participant |--------------------
      |              0:n  ---------------  0:1              |
      | 1                                              1:n  |
 ------------------                                  ----------------
 | RTPApplication |                                  |  SyncSource  |
 ------------------                                  ----------------
      | 1                                              0:n  |
      |                   ---------------                   |
      --------------------|  RTPSession |--------------------
                     0:n  ---------------  1

   An RTP application establishes a space of CNAME identifiers, whereas
an RTP session establishes a space of SSRC identifiers.

   For each source of synchronization seen in an RTP session, a
`SyncSource' object identified by a SSRC numeric identifier is created.
Thus, at the beginning of an RTP session there are no `SyncSource'
objects related. Note that, if the local source sends packets to itself
during an RTP session, a `SyncSource' object will be created for it.

   The list of sources of synchronization identified in an RTP session
can be retrived through STL-like iterators of type
`RTPSession::SyncSourcesIterator', as shown in the following example.

     // rx is an RTPSession object
     RTPSession::SyncSourcesIterator it;
     for (it = rx.begin() ; it != rx.end(); it++) {
        const SyncSource &s = *it;
        cout << s.getID();
        if ( s.isSender() )
           cout << "is an active sender";
        cout << endl;
     }

   Note `RTPSession::SyncSourcesIterator' is a const iterator.

   When using RTCP, it is possible to associate several synchronization
source objects to a participant in the multimedia session, which is
represented through the association between `Participant' and
`SyncSource' objects. The participant object linked to a source of
synchronization can be retrieved through the
`SyncSource::getParticipant()' method, as the following examples shows:

        // s is a source of synchronization object (SyncSource)
        Participant *p = s.getParticipant();
        cerr << p->getSDESItem(SDESItemTypeCNAME) << endl;

   When RTCP is not being used or the CNAME identifier corresponding to
a synchronization source has not been received yet, the participant
associated with a synchronization source is not known. In these cases,
the method `SyncSource::getParticipant()' will return a NULL pointer.
On the contrary, a participant is always related to a synchronization
source at least. It can also be related to more than one
synchronization source (for instance, when a participant in a
videoconference sends two video streams from two different chameras).
Note that, if the local source sends data and control packets to
itself, a `Participant' object will be created for it.

   Thus, the `SyncSource::getParticipant' provides a facility for
inter-media synchronization.

   The association of RTP sessions and participants with
`RTPApplication' objects makes it possible to implement several "RTP
applications" in the same application or process, each one having a
separate CNAME space. By default, all RTP sessions are associated to an
RTP application provided by the global method `defaultApplication()'.
The local CNAME for the default application is guessed from the user
and machine name, as specified in `RFC 3550'.

   However, other applications may be created through the constructor
`RTPApplication::RTPApplication(const std::string& cname)'. RTP
sessions are associated with applications other than the default via an
optional constructor parameter.

   Similarly to the list of synchronization sources, the list of
participants in a session can be retrieved using iterators of type
`RTPApplication::ParticipantsIterator', see the following example,
which shows the list of CNAMEs of the participants in the default
application:

        RTPApplication &app = defaultApplication();
        RTPApplication::ParticipantsIterator ai;
        for ( ai = app.begin(); ai != app.end(); ai++ ) {
           const Participant &p = *ai;
           cerr << p.getSDESItem(SDESItemTypeCNAME) << endl;
        }

   Note `RTPApplication::ParticipantsIterator' is a const iterator.

   _TODO: SyncSource states_.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: RTP Packets Extensions,  Next: RTCP Packets Extensions,  Prev: Participants,  Up: Using ccRTP

4.4 RTP Packets Extensions
==========================

_TODO._ Describe `RTPPacket', `IncomingRTPPkt' and `OutgoingRTPPkt'
classes. *Note RTP Packets Arrival::, for a discussion of event
handling virtuals that allow for specialized processing of data packets.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: RTCP Packets Extensions,  Next: Handling Events,  Prev: RTP Packets Extensions,  Up: Using ccRTP

4.5 RTCP Packets Extensions
===========================

*Note RTCP Packets Arrival::, for a discussion of event handling
virtuals that allow for specialized processing of control packets.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Handling Events,  Prev: RTCP Packets Extensions,  Up: Using ccRTP

4.6 Handling Events
===================

There are a number of events that may require special response from the
application. ccRTP defines plug-ins to handle these events.

* Menu:

* RTP Packets Arrival::           Filtering and extending RTP packets parsing.
* RTCP Packets Arrival::          Filtering and extending RTCP packets parsing.
* Synchronization Source States:: Handling state transitions.
* SSRC Collisions::               Handling SSRC identifier collisions.
* RTP Packets Expiration::        Outgoing and incoming RTP packets expiration.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: RTP Packets Arrival,  Next: RTCP Packets Arrival,  Up: Handling Events

4.6.1 RTP Packets Arrival
-------------------------

`onRTPPacketRecv' is the virtual method that may be redefined in any
subclass of `IncomingDataQueue', particularly in subclasses of
`RTPSession'. It takes an `IncomingRTPPkt' object as argument and
returns a boolean indicating whether the packet should be inserted in
the reception queue.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: RTP Packets Expiration,  Prev: SSRC Collisions,  Up: Handling Events

4.6.2 RTP Packets Expiration
----------------------------

`onExpireSend' and `onExpireRecv'

   `end2EndDelayed'


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: RTCP Packets Arrival,  Next: Synchronization Source States,  Prev: RTP Packets Arrival,  Up: Handling Events

4.6.3 RTCP Packets Arrival
--------------------------

Incoming RTCP packets are automatically handled by ccRTP. However, this
does not mean you can't track the reception of RTCP packets.

   * `onGotSR'

   * `onGotRR'

   * `onGotSDESChunk'

   * `onGotAPP'

   * `onGotRRSRExtension'


   Note that this events correspond to RTCP packets, not RTCP compound
packets, and probably the reception of a compound packet will trigger
more than one of these events.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Synchronization Source States,  Next: SSRC Collisions,  Prev: RTCP Packets Arrival,  Up: Handling Events

4.6.4 Synchronization Source States
-----------------------------------

`onNewSyncSource'.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: SSRC Collisions,  Next: RTP Packets Expiration,  Prev: Synchronization Source States,  Up: Handling Events

4.6.5 SSRC Collisions
---------------------

`onSSRCCollision'.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Specialized Payload Formats,  Next: Standards Tracking,  Prev: Using ccRTP,  Up: Top

5 Specialized Payload Formats
*****************************

_TODO:_ finish 2833bis and CN.

   _TODO:_ comment H.261 specific RTCP packets: FIR and NACK.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Standards Tracking,  Next: Upgrading,  Prev: Specialized Payload Formats,  Up: Top

6 Standards Tracking
********************

_TODO: explain what is done/being done/planned_.

   * `RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications (RFC 3550,
     which supersedes RFC 1889)'.

   * `RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control
     (RFC 3551, which supersedes RFC 1890)'.

   * `MIME Type Registration of RTP Payload Formats (RFC 3555)'.

   * `IANA RTP Parameters'.

   * `RTP Payload Format for H.261 Video Streams (RFC 2032)'. Defines
     H.261 specific FIR and NACK RTCP packets.


     Not yet implemented:

   * `The Secure Real-time Transport Protocol'. SRTP provile.

   * `Extended RTP Profile for RTCP-based Feedback (RTP/AVPF)'.

   * `Extended RTP Profile for RTCP-based Feedback (RTP/AVPF)'.

   * `Extended Secure RTP Profile for RTCP-based Feedback (RTP/SAVPF)'.



File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Upgrading,  Next: ccRTP Internals,  Prev: Standards Tracking,  Up: Top

7 Upgrading
***********

This chapter outlines the main steps required to upgrade applications
written for old releases of ccRTP (0.6.x, 0.7.x and 0.9.x series) to
the 1.0 series. It is written mostly as a recipe of replacements for
old constructs.

   Replace `#include <cc++/rtp.h>' with `#include <ccrtp/rtp.h>'(1).

   Changes that have to do more with Common C++ 2 than with ccRTP:

`exit(int)'
     Replace with exit()

`Thread::Terminate()'
     Replace with Thread::terminate()

`ccxx_sleep(timeout_t)'
     Replace with sleep(timeout_t).

`Thread::Run()'
     Replace with Thread::run()


   Changes required by ccRTP itself:

`RTPSource'
     Now `SyncSource', and is a somewhat different concept. For
     instance, calls to RTPSource::getID() must be replaced with calls
     to SyncSource::getID(), which in most cases will not imply any
     change to this part of the code.

`RTPQueue::getLocalInfo()->getID()'
     Replace with `RTPQueueBase::getLocalSSRC()'

`RTPQueue::getCNAME()'
     Replace with `defaultApplication().getSDESItem(SDESItemTypeSDES)'.

`RTPQueue::getPacket()'
     `getPacket()' has been removed and now there is only a `getData()'
     method in the RTP queues.

`RTPQueue::setTimeout()'
     Replace calls to RTPQueue::setTimeout(microtimeout_t) with calls to
     OutgoingDataQueue(microtimeout_t), whose purpose and working is
     exactly the same.

`RTPQueue::putPacket()'
     `putPacket()' has been removed and now there is only a `putData()'
     method in the RTP queues. Note also that now the payload type is
     not specified for each outgoing RTP data block, instead use
     RTPQueueBase::setPayloadFormat each time the payload type changes.

`PayloadType'
     The definition of payload types has deeply changed in order to
     allow all standard uses of dynamic payload negotiation. Refer to
     *note Payload Types and Formats::, for an explanation of the new
     payload types and formats related classes.

     For example, `RTP_PAYLOAD_PCMU' must be replaced with something
     like `StaticPayloadFormat pcmu(sptPCMU)', where `pcmu' is the name
     of a static payload object that binds an statically assigned
     `PayloadType' (2). to its corresponding RTP clock rate(3).

`RTPSocket::Connect'
     The call connect has been removed. Now, in order to send packets
     to a destination `OutgoingDataQueue::addDestination' must be used.
     It allows for setting more than one destination. Any destination
     can actually be added more than one time with addDestination,
     which can be used a simple trick to perform redundant
     transmission: each packet -both RTP and RTCP- will be transmitted
     to the destination as many times as it has been added to the list
     of destinations through calling addDestination.

`RTPQueue::getCurrentRate'
     Replace with `RTPQueueBase::getCurrentRTPClockRate()'.

`RTPSocket::Start'
     Replace with `RTPSession::startRunning'.

`RTPQueue::gotHello'
     Replace with `QueueRTCPManager::onNewSyncSource'.

`RTPQueue::gotGoodbye'
     Replace with `QueueRTCPManager::onGotGoodbye'.


   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) Note that unfortunately ccRTP 1.0pre0 used `#include
<cc++/rtp/rtp.h', which is now deprecated.

   (2) The static payload type 0 corresponds to the audio format PCMU,
see `RFC 3550'.

   (3) 8 khz.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: ccRTP Internals,  Next: Related Work,  Prev: Upgrading,  Up: Top

8 ccRTP Internals
*****************

* Menu:

* Internals Overview::          ccRTP internals overview.
* Collisions and Loops::        Collision Resolution and Loop Detection.
* Algorithms in the Standard::  Implementation of algorithms in the standard.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Internals Overview,  Next: Collisions and Loops,  Up: ccRTP Internals

8.1 Internals Overview
======================

_TODO: Explain where on how timer reconsideration/reverse recons. is
performed_.

   Performance:

   * Zero copy stack.

   * RW/R multithreading.

   * Fast specialized linked list and hash mechanisms.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Collisions and Loops,  Next: Algorithms in the Standard,  Prev: Internals Overview,  Up: ccRTP Internals

8.2 Collisions and Loops
========================

ccRTP performs loop detection (following 8.2 in `RFC 3550', though the
algorithm in ccRTP differs is structure because of two reasons:

   * ccRTP holds a table of source for which some packet has been
     received, instead of a table with all the sources in the session
     (i.e. the local source is not included in the table unless it
     sends packets to itself).

   * RTP and RTCP packets are handled separately whereas the algorithm
     in 8.2 treats both.

     Note that the first two conditions in 8.2 (creating new source
     entries and setting source transport address) are handled in the
     SSRC bookkeeping methods rather than mixing them with the real
     collisions and loop handling.

     Unlike the algorithm given in 8.2, the ccRTP algorithm detects the
     very rare case when two sources on the same host use the same SSRC
     identifier and the first RTP packet for that identifier is
     received from one source and the first RTCP is received from the
     other.



File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Algorithms in the Standard,  Prev: Collisions and Loops,  Up: ccRTP Internals

8.3 Algorithms in the Standard
==============================

The following sections summarizes how the algorithms specified in
appendixes from `RFC 3550' are implemented in ccRTP. A "mapping"
between routines in the RFC and methods/routines in ccRTP is provided.

* Menu:

* A.1::                RTP Data Header Validity Checks.
* A.2::                RTCP Header Validity Checks.
* A.3::                Determining the Number of RTP Packets Expected and Lost.
* A.4::                Generating SDES RTCP Packets.
* A.5::                Parsing RTCP SDES Packets.
* A.6::                Generating a Random 32-bit Identifier.
* A.7::                Computing the RTCP Transmission Interval.
* A.8::                Estimating the Interarrival Jitter.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.1,  Next: A.2,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.1 A.1
---------

ccRTP performs RTP data header validity check in two stages: the first
stage, performed at the constructor of `IncomingRTPPkt' (which is
extensible with virtual methods) validates the header fields
independent of the source. The second stage, performed at
`IncomingDataQueue::checkSSRCInIncomingRTPPkt' and
`QueueRTCPManager::checkSSRCInRTCPPkt', validates those fields specific
to the source of the packet (number sequence, etc).

   Additionally, the following table specifies which methods of ccRTP
implement the functions init_seq and update_seq from A.1.

`void init_seq(source*, u_int16)'
     void MembershipBookkeeping::SyncSourceLink::initSequence(uint16)

`int update_seq(source*, u_int16)'
     bool RTPQueue::recordReception(SyncSourceLink&, const
     IncomingRTPPkt&)



File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.2,  Next: A.3,  Prev: A.1,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.2 A.2
---------

The code in A.2 corresponds to
`RTCPCompoundHandler::checkCompountRTCPHeader'.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.3,  Next: A.4,  Prev: A.2,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.3 A.3
---------

Code in A.3 corresponds to `MembershipBookeeping::computeStats'.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.4,  Next: A.5,  Prev: A.3,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.4 A.4
---------

Code in A.4 is implemented as part of the method
`QueueRTCPManager::packSDES'.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.5,  Next: A.6,  Prev: A.4,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.5 A.5
---------

Code in A.5 is implemented in the method `QueueRTCPManager::onGotSDES',
which calls the virtual method `QueueRTCPManager::onGotSDESChunk' to
process each SDES chunk.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.6,  Next: A.7,  Prev: A.5,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.6 A.6
---------

On POSIX systems, ccRTP uses `/dev/urandom' when available. If there is
no such device, it defaults to the MD5 based algorithm given in
appendix A.6.

   Code in A.6 corresponds to `uint32 MD5BasedRandom32()', which is
called by `uint32 random32()' when no random device is available.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.7,  Next: A.8,  Prev: A.6,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.7 A.7
---------

Mapping:

`double rtcp_interval(int, int, double, int, double, int)'
     virtual timeval QueueRTCPManager::computeRTCPInterval(), and in
     timeval (seconds + microseconds) units, instead of seconds.

`OnExpire(event, int, int, double, int, double, int time_tp, time_tp, int)'
     QueueRTCPManager::runControlService(microtimeout_t) (this method
     also implements part of SendRTCPReport(e))

`OnReceive(packet, event, int, int, int, double, double, double, double)'
     void QueueRTCPManager::takeInControlPacket() and
     QueueRTCPManager::runControlService(microtimeout_t)

`Schedule(time, event) and Reschedule(time, event)'
     No equivalent.

`SendRTCPReport(event)'
     `dispatchControlPacket'.

`SendBYEPacket(event)'
     `QueueRTCPManager::dispatchBYE(const std::string& reason)'.

`TypeOfEvent(event)'
     No equivalent.

`PacketType(p)'
     No equivalent.

`ReceivedPacketSize()'
     `size_t IncomingDataQueue::takeInDataPacket()'.

`SentPacketSize()'
     `size_t OutgoingDataQueue::dispatchDataPacket()' -data, and
     `size_t QueueRTCPManager::dispatchControlPacket()' -control.

`NewMember(p)'

`NewSender(p)'

`AddMember() and RemoveMember()'

`AddSender() and RemoveSender()'


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: A.8,  Prev: A.7,  Up: Algorithms in the Standard

8.3.8 A.8
---------

Interarrival jitter is estimated as specified in A.8, in
`recordReception'. Jitter is kept as a float.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Related Work,  Next: Future Work,  Prev: ccRTP Internals,  Up: Top

9 Related Work
**************

_TODO_.  Other free RTP stacks and tools:

   * jrtplib

   * oRTP

   * LIVE.COM Streaming Media

   * UCL Common Code Library. Note this library is distributed under a
     BSD license _with_ the obnoxious clausule.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Future Work,  Next: Licenses,  Prev: Related Work,  Up: Top

10 Future Work
**************

_TODO_.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Licenses,  Next: Class and Data Type Index,  Prev: Future Work,  Up: Top

Appendix A Licenses
*******************

* Menu:

* GNU Free Documentation License::              License for this document.
* GNU General Public License::                  ccRTP Base License.
* GNU ccRTP Linking Exception::                 ccRTP linking exception.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: GNU General Public License,  Next: GNU ccRTP Linking Exception,  Prev: GNU Free Documentation License,  Up: Licenses

A.1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
==============================

                         Version 2, June 1991

     Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA

     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

A.1.1 Preamble
--------------

The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom
to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
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   When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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                      END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
A.1.2 Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
-------------------------------------------------------------

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
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free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
terms.

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     ONE LINE TO GIVE THE PROGRAM'S NAME AND A BRIEF IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.
     Copyright (C) YYYY  NAME OF AUTHOR

     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     GNU General Public License for more details.

     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
     Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.

   Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
mail.

   If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like
this when it starts in an interactive mode:

     Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19YY NAME OF AUTHOR
     Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
     This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
     under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

   The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the
appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show
c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your
program.

   You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program,
if necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

     Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
     `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.

     SIGNATURE OF TY COON, 1 April 1989
     Ty Coon, President of Vice

   This General Public License does not permit incorporating your
program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine
library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the
GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: GNU Free Documentation License,  Next: GNU General Public License,  Up: Licenses

A.2 GNU Free Documentation License
==================================

                      Version 1.2, November 2002

     Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA

     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

  0. PREAMBLE

     The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
     functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
     assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
     with or without modifying it, either commercially or
     noncommercially.  Secondarily, this License preserves for the
     author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not
     being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

     This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
     works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.
     It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
     license designed for free software.

     We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
     free software, because free software needs free documentation: a
     free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms
     that the software does.  But this License is not limited to
     software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless
     of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book.
     We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is
     instruction or reference.

  1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

     This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium,
     that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it
     can be distributed under the terms of this License.  Such a notice
     grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration,
     to use that work under the conditions stated herein.  The
     "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work.  Any member
     of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".  You
     accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a
     way requiring permission under copyright law.

     A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
     Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
     modifications and/or translated into another language.

     A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section
     of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
     publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
     subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could
     fall directly within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document
     is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not
     explain any mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of
     historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or
     of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
     regarding them.

     The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose
     titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in
     the notice that says that the Document is released under this
     License.  If a section does not fit the above definition of
     Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant.
     The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections.  If the Document
     does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.

     The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are
     listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice
     that says that the Document is released under this License.  A
     Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may
     be at most 25 words.

     A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
     represented in a format whose specification is available to the
     general public, that is suitable for revising the document
     straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images
     composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some
     widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to
     text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of
     formats suitable for input to text formatters.  A copy made in an
     otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of
     markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent
     modification by readers is not Transparent.  An image format is
     not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text.  A
     copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

     Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
     ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format,
     SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and
     standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for
     human modification.  Examples of transparent image formats include
     PNG, XCF and JPG.  Opaque formats include proprietary formats that
     can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or
     XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally
     available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF
     produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

     The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
     plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the
     material this License requires to appear in the title page.  For
     works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title
     Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the
     work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

     A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document
     whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses
     following text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ
     stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
     "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".)
     To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the
     Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according
     to this definition.

     The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice
     which states that this License applies to the Document.  These
     Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in
     this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
     implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and
     has no effect on the meaning of this License.

  2. VERBATIM COPYING

     You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
     commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
     copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License
     applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you
     add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You
     may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading
     or further copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However,
     you may accept compensation in exchange for copies.  If you
     distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow
     the conditions in section 3.

     You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,
     and you may publicly display copies.

  3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

     If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly
     have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and
     the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must
     enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all
     these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and
     Back-Cover Texts on the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly
     and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies.  The
     front cover must present the full title with all words of the
     title equally prominent and visible.  You may add other material
     on the covers in addition.  Copying with changes limited to the
     covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and
     satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in
     other respects.

     If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
     legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
     reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
     adjacent pages.

     If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
     numbering more than 100, you must either include a
     machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or
     state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from
     which the general network-using public has access to download
     using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent
     copy of the Document, free of added material.  If you use the
     latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you
     begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that
     this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
     location until at least one year after the last time you
     distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or
     retailers) of that edition to the public.

     It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
     the Document well before redistributing any large number of
     copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated
     version of the Document.

  4. MODIFICATIONS

     You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
     under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
     release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with
     the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus
     licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to
     whoever possesses a copy of it.  In addition, you must do these
     things in the Modified Version:

       A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title
          distinct from that of the Document, and from those of
          previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed
          in the History section of the Document).  You may use the
          same title as a previous version if the original publisher of
          that version gives permission.

       B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or
          entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
          the Modified Version, together with at least five of the
          principal authors of the Document (all of its principal
          authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you
          from this requirement.

       C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
          Modified Version, as the publisher.

       D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.

       E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
          adjacent to the other copyright notices.

       F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license
          notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
          Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in
          the Addendum below.

       G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant
          Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
          license notice.

       H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.

       I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title,
          and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
          authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on
          the Title Page.  If there is no section Entitled "History" in
          the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors,
          and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page,
          then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in
          the previous sentence.

       J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document
          for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
          likewise the network locations given in the Document for
          previous versions it was based on.  These may be placed in
          the "History" section.  You may omit a network location for a
          work that was published at least four years before the
          Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version
          it refers to gives permission.

       K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
          Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
          section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor
          acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.

       L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
          unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers
          or the equivalent are not considered part of the section
          titles.

       M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section
          may not be included in the Modified Version.

       N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
          "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant
          Section.

       O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

     If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
     appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no
     material copied from the Document, you may at your option
     designate some or all of these sections as invariant.  To do this,
     add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified
     Version's license notice.  These titles must be distinct from any
     other section titles.

     You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
     nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
     parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text
     has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
     definition of a standard.

     You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
     and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end
     of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one
     passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be
     added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the
     Document already includes a cover text for the same cover,
     previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity
     you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
     replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
     publisher that added the old one.

     The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
     License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
     assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

  5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

     You may combine the Document with other documents released under
     this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for
     modified versions, provided that you include in the combination
     all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,
     unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
     combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all
     their Warranty Disclaimers.

     The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
     multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
     copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name
     but different contents, make the title of each such section unique
     by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the
     original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a
     unique number.  Make the same adjustment to the section titles in
     the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the
     combined work.

     In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
     "History" in the various original documents, forming one section
     Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled
     "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications".  You
     must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."

  6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

     You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
     documents released under this License, and replace the individual
     copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
     that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the
     rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the
     documents in all other respects.

     You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
     distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert
     a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow
     this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of
     that document.

  7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

     A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
     separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of
     a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the
     copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the
     legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual
     works permit.  When the Document is included an aggregate, this
     License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which
     are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

     If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
     copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half
     of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed
     on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
     electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic
     form.  Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket
     the whole aggregate.

  8. TRANSLATION

     Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
     distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section
     4.  Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
     permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
     translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
     original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a
     translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
     Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also
     include the original English version of this License and the
     original versions of those notices and disclaimers.  In case of a
     disagreement between the translation and the original version of
     this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will
     prevail.

     If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
     "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to
     Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the
     actual title.

  9. TERMINATION

     You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
     except as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other
     attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is
     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
     License.  However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
     from you under this License will not have their licenses
     terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

     The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
     the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
     versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
     differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
     `http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/'.

     Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
     number.  If the Document specifies that a particular numbered
     version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you
     have the option of following the terms and conditions either of
     that specified version or of any later version that has been
     published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If
     the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
     you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
     Free Software Foundation.

A.2.1 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
----------------------------------------------------------

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:

       Copyright (C)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
       or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
       with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
       A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
       Free Documentation License''.

   If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover
Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:

         with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with
         the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts
         being LIST.

   If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.

   If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to
permit their use in free software.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: GNU ccRTP Linking Exception,  Prev: GNU General Public License,  Up: Licenses

A.3 GNU ccRTP Linking Exception
===============================

As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, permission is
granted for additional uses of the text contained in its release of
ccRTP.

   The exception is that, if you link the ccRTP library with other files
to produce an executable, this does not by itself cause the resulting
executable to be covered by the GNU General Public License.  Your use
of that executable is in no way restricted on account of linking the
ccRTP library code into it.

   This exception does not however invalidate any other reasons why the
executable file might be covered by the GNU General Public License.

   This exception applies only to the code released under the name
ccRTP.  If you copy code from other releases into a copy of ccRTP, as
the General Public License permits, the exception does not apply to the
code that you add in this way.  To avoid misleading anyone as to the
status of such modified files, you must delete this exception notice
from them.

   If you write modifications of your own for ccRTP, it is your choice
whether to permit this exception to apply to your modifications.  If
you do not wish that, delete this exception notice.


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Class and Data Type Index,  Next: Method and Function Index,  Prev: Licenses,  Up: Top

Class and Data Type Index
*************************

 [index ]
* Menu:

* AppDataUnit:                           ccRTP Overview.       (line 59)
* DynamicPayloadFormat <1>:              Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 52)
* DynamicPayloadFormat:                  ccRTP Overview.       (line 59)
* DynamicPayloadType:                    Upgrading.            (line 58)
* IncomingRTPPkt:                        RTP Packets Extensions.
                                                               (line  6)
* OutgoingRTPPkt:                        RTP Packets Extensions.
                                                               (line  6)
* Participant <1>:                       Participants.         (line  6)
* Participant:                           ccRTP Overview.       (line 59)
* PayloadFormat:                         Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* PayloadType:                           Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line  6)
* RTPApplication:                        Participants.         (line  6)
* RTPPacket:                             RTP Packets Extensions.
                                                               (line  6)
* RTPSession <1>:                        Participants.         (line  6)
* RTPSession <2>:                        Initiating Sessions.  (line  6)
* RTPSession:                            ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* RTPSource:                             Upgrading.            (line 31)
* StaticPayloadFormat <1>:               Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 35)
* StaticPayloadFormat:                   ccRTP Overview.       (line 59)
* StaticPayloadType <1>:                 Upgrading.            (line 58)
* StaticPayloadType <2>:                 Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line  6)
* StaticPayloadType:                     ccRTP Overview.       (line 59)
* SyncSource <1>:                        Upgrading.            (line 31)
* SyncSource <2>:                        Participants.         (line  6)
* SyncSource:                            ccRTP Overview.       (line 59)


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Method and Function Index,  Next: Concept Index,  Prev: Class and Data Type Index,  Up: Top

Method and Function Index
*************************

 [index ]
* Menu:

* ccxx_sleep:                            Upgrading.            (line 22)
* defaultApplication <1>:                Upgrading.            (line 40)
* defaultApplication <2>:                Participants.         (line 73)
* defaultApplication:                    Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* DynamicPayloadFormat::DynamicPayloadFormat: Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 52)
* exit:                                  Upgrading.            (line 16)
* getMRSenderInfo:                       ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* IncomingDataQueue::checkSSRCInIncomingRTPPkt: A.1.           (line  6)
* IncomingDataQueue::getData <1>:        Upgrading.            (line 43)
* IncomingDataQueue::getData:            Receiving Data.       (line  6)
* IncomingDataQueue::isWaiting:          Receiving Data.       (line 17)
* IncomingDataQueue::onExpireRecv:       RTP Packets Expiration.
                                                               (line  6)
* IncomingDataQueue::onNewSyncSource:    Synchronization Source States.
                                                               (line  6)
* IncomingDataQueue::onRTPPacketRecv:    RTP Packets Arrival.  (line  6)
* IncomingDataQueue::recordReception:    A.8.                  (line  6)
* IncomingDataQueue::takeInDataPacket:   A.7.                  (line 35)
* MembershipBookkeeping::SyncSourceLink::computeStats: A.3.    (line  6)
* onGotSR:                               ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* OutgoingDataQueue::addDestination:     Initiating Sessions.  (line 25)
* OutgoingDataQueue::dispatchDataPacket: A.7.                  (line 38)
* OutgoingDataQueue::onExpireSend:       RTP Packets Expiration.
                                                               (line  6)
* OutgoingDataQueue::putData <1>:        Upgrading.            (line 52)
* OutgoingDataQueue::putData:            Sending Data.         (line  6)
* OutgoingDataQueue::setMark:            Sending Data.         (line 11)
* OutgoingDataQueue::setPadding:         Initiating Sessions.  (line 38)
* OutgoingDataQueue::setSchedulingTimeout: Upgrading.          (line 47)
* OutgoingDataQueueBase::getDefaultMaxSendSegmentSize: Sending Data.
                                                               (line 16)
* OutgoingDataQueueBase::setMaxSendSegmentSize: Sending Data.  (line 16)
* QueueRTCPMaanger::setControlBandwidth: Initiating Sessions.  (line 45)
* QueueRTCPManager::checkSSRCInRTCPPkt:  A.1.                  (line  6)
* QueueRTCPManager::dispatchBYE:         A.7.                  (line 26)
* QueueRTCPManager::dispatchControlPacket: A.7.                (line 23)
* QueueRTCPManager::end2EndDelayed:      RTP Packets Expiration.
                                                               (line  8)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotAPP:            RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 15)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotGoodbye:        Upgrading.            (line 88)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotRR:             RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 11)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotRRSRExtension:  RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 17)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotSDES:           A.5.                  (line  6)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotSDESChunk:      RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 13)
* QueueRTCPManager::onGotSR:             RTCP Packets Arrival. (line  9)
* QueueRTCPManager::onNewSyncSource:     Upgrading.            (line 85)
* QueueRTCPManager::onSSRCCollision:     SSRC Collisions.      (line  6)
* QueueRTCPManager::packSDES:            A.4.                  (line  6)
* RTCPCompoundHandler::checkCompountRTCPHeader: A.2.           (line  6)
* RTPApplication:                        Participants.         (line 73)
* RTPApplication::getSDESItem:           Upgrading.            (line 40)
* RTPApplication::ParticipantsIterator:  Participants.         (line 86)
* RTPApplication::setPRIVPrefix:         Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* RTPPApplication::setSDESItem:          Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* RTPQueue::getCNAME:                    Upgrading.            (line 40)
* RTPQueue::getCurrentRate:              Upgrading.            (line 79)
* RTPQueue::getLocalInfo:                Upgrading.            (line 37)
* RTPQueue::getLocalSSRC:                Upgrading.            (line 37)
* RTPQueue::getPacket:                   Upgrading.            (line 43)
* RTPQueue::gotGoodbye:                  Upgrading.            (line 88)
* RTPQueue::gotHello:                    Upgrading.            (line 85)
* RTPQueue::putPacket:                   Upgrading.            (line 52)
* RTPQueue::setTimeout:                  Upgrading.            (line 47)
* RTPQueueBase::getCurrentRTPClockRate:  Upgrading.            (line 79)
* RTPQueueBase::setPayloadFormat <1>:    Upgrading.            (line 52)
* RTPQueueBase::setPayloadFormat:        Initiating Sessions.  (line 27)
* RTPSession::enableStack:               Initiating Sessions.  (line 15)
* RTPSession::startRunning <1>:          Upgrading.            (line 82)
* RTPSession::startRunning:              Initiating Sessions.  (line 15)
* RTPSession::SyncSourcesIterator:       Participants.         (line 46)
* RTPSocket::Start:                      Upgrading.            (line 82)
* StaticPayloadFormat::StaticPayloadFormat: Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 41)
* SyncSource::getParticipant():          Participants.         (line 48)
* Thread::sleep:                         Upgrading.            (line 22)
* Thread::terminate:                     Upgrading.            (line 19)


File: ccrtp.info,  Node: Concept Index,  Prev: Method and Function Index,  Up: Top

Concept Index
*************

 [index ]
* Menu:

* /dev/urandom <1>:                      A.6.                  (line  6)
* /dev/urandom:                          ccRTP Overview.       (line 43)
* A.1:                                   A.1.                  (line  6)
* A.2:                                   A.2.                  (line  6)
* A.3:                                   A.3.                  (line  6)
* A.4:                                   A.4.                  (line  6)
* A.5:                                   A.5.                  (line  6)
* A.6:                                   A.6.                  (line  6)
* A.7:                                   A.7.                  (line  6)
* A.8:                                   A.8.                  (line  6)
* Algoritms in the Standard:             Algorithms in the Standard.
                                                               (line  6)
* APP:                                   RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 15)
* Audio/Video Working Group:             Introduction.         (line  6)
* AVPF:                                  Standards Tracking.   (line 26)
* C++:                                   Introduction.         (line  6)
* ccRTP Internals:                       ccRTP Internals.      (line  6)
* ccRTP Overview:                        ccRTP Overview.       (line  6)
* class framework:                       Introduction.         (line  6)
* clock rate:                            Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* Closing Sessions:                      Closing Sessions.     (line  6)
* CNAME <1>:                             Participants.         (line 23)
* CNAME:                                 Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* collision:                             SSRC Collisions.      (line  6)
* Collisions and Loops:                  Collisions and Loops. (line  6)
* Common C++:                            Introduction.         (line  6)
* const iterator:                        Participants.         (line 46)
* default bandwidth:                     Initiating Sessions.  (line 45)
* default value <1>:                     Participants.         (line 73)
* default value <2>:                     Sending Data.         (line 11)
* default value:                         Initiating Sessions.  (line 27)
* demo program:                          ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* destination:                           Upgrading.            (line 68)
* distribution:                          Distribution.         (line  6)
* duplicate packets:                     Receiving Data.       (line 14)
* FDL, GNU Free Documentation License:   GNU Free Documentation License.
                                                               (line  6)
* free software:                         Distribution.         (line  6)
* Future, Future Work:                   Future Work.          (line  6)
* GNU ccRTP Linking Exception:           GNU ccRTP Linking Exception.
                                                               (line  6)
* GNU FDL:                               Distribution.         (line  6)
* GNU GPL:                               Distribution.         (line  6)
* H.245:                                 Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* H.323:                                 Introduction.         (line 38)
* Handling Events:                       Handling Events.      (line  6)
* header check <1>:                      A.2.                  (line  6)
* header check:                          ccRTP Overview.       (line 34)
* header validity <1>:                   A.2.                  (line  6)
* header validity:                       ccRTP Overview.       (line 34)
* IANA:                                  Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 20)
* IETF <1>:                              Standards Tracking.   (line  6)
* IETF:                                  Introduction.         (line  6)
* IETF standards:                        Standards Tracking.   (line  6)
* incoming queue:                        Using ccRTP.          (line 17)
* Initiating Sessions:                   Initiating Sessions.  (line  6)
* interarrival jitter:                   A.8.                  (line  6)
* Internals Overview:                    Internals Overview.   (line  6)
* Internet Ingeneering Task Force:       Introduction.         (line  6)
* Introduction:                          Introduction.         (line  6)
* iterator:                              Participants.         (line 46)
* jitter:                                A.8.                  (line  6)
* join:                                  Initiating Sessions.  (line  6)
* linking exception:                     Distribution.         (line  6)
* loop detection:                        ccRTP Overview.       (line 39)
* marker bit:                            Sending Data.         (line 11)
* MD5 <1>:                               A.6.                  (line  6)
* MD5 <2>:                               ccRTP Overview.       (line 43)
* MD5:                                   Introduction.         (line 19)
* MIME:                                  Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* multicast:                             Initiating Sessions.  (line  6)
* outgoing queue:                        Using ccRTP.          (line 24)
* packet queue <1>:                      Using ccRTP.          (line  6)
* packet queue:                          ccRTP Overview.       (line 10)
* padding:                               Initiating Sessions.  (line 38)
* participant:                           Participants.         (line 48)
* Participant:                           Participants.         (line  6)
* Payload Formats:                       Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line  6)
* payload type:                          Upgrading.            (line 52)
* Payload Types:                         Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line  6)
* PCMU:                                  Initiating Sessions.  (line 27)
* philosophy:                            Distribution.         (line  6)
* PRIV:                                  Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* profile:                               Standards Tracking.   (line 24)
* Random numbers <1>:                    A.6.                  (line  6)
* Random numbers:                        ccRTP Overview.       (line 43)
* Receiving Data:                        Receiving Data.       (line  6)
* reception queue:                       Using ccRTP.          (line 17)
* reconsideration:                       ccRTP Overview.       (line 41)
* redundancy:                            Upgrading.            (line 68)
* Related work:                          Related Work.         (line  6)
* reordering:                            Receiving Data.       (line 14)
* reverse reconsideration:               ccRTP Overview.       (line 41)
* RR:                                    RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 11)
* RTCP APP:                              RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 15)
* RTCP bandwidth:                        Initiating Sessions.  (line 45)
* RTCP compound packets:                 Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* RTCP header:                           A.2.                  (line  6)
* RTCP Packet Arrival:                   RTCP Packets Arrival. (line  6)
* RTCP packets:                          Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* RTCP Packets Extensions:               RTCP Packets Extensions.
                                                               (line  6)
* RTCP RR:                               RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 11)
* RTCP SDES:                             RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 13)
* RTCP SR <1>:                           RTCP Packets Arrival. (line  9)
* RTCP SR:                               ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* RTCP-based feedback:                   Standards Tracking.   (line 26)
* RTP clock rate:                        Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* RTP Packet Arrival:                    RTP Packets Arrival.  (line  6)
* RTP Packets Expiration:                RTP Packets Expiration.
                                                               (line  6)
* RTP Packets Extensions:                RTP Packets Extensions.
                                                               (line  6)
* RTP parameters:                        Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 20)
* RTP Sessions:                          RTP Sessions.         (line  6)
* RTP timestamp offset:                  Sending Data.         (line  6)
* rtphello:                              ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* rtplisten:                             ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* RTSP:                                  Introduction.         (line 38)
* SAVPF:                                 Standards Tracking.   (line 30)
* SDES:                                  RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 13)
* SDES item:                             Initiating Sessions.  (line 30)
* SDP:                                   Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* Secure RTP:                            Standards Tracking.   (line 24)
* segment size:                          Sending Data.         (line 16)
* Sending Data:                          Sending Data.         (line  6)
* Session control:                       Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 66)
* Session Description Protocol:          Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* signalization:                         Introduction.         (line 38)
* Simple Receiver:                       Simple Receiver.      (line  6)
* Simple Transmitter:                    Simple Transmitter.   (line  6)
* SIP:                                   Introduction.         (line 38)
* sockets:                               Introduction.         (line 19)
* Source of Synchronization:             Participants.         (line  6)
* Specialized Payload Formats:           Specialized Payload Formats.
                                                               (line  6)
* SR <1>:                                RTCP Packets Arrival. (line  9)
* SR:                                    ccRTP Overview.       (line 47)
* SRE Extension:                         RTCP Packets Arrival. (line 17)
* SRTP:                                  Standards Tracking.   (line 24)
* SSRC collision:                        SSRC Collisions.      (line  6)
* SSRC Collision:                        SSRC Collisions.      (line  6)
* SSRC collision:                        ccRTP Overview.       (line 39)
* Standards tracking:                    Standards Tracking.   (line  6)
* static payload type:                   Initiating Sessions.  (line 27)
* synchronization:                       Introduction.         (line 19)
* Synchronization Source States:         Synchronization Source States.
                                                               (line  6)
* system services:                       Introduction.         (line 19)
* thread:                                Using ccRTP.          (line  6)
* threading:                             Introduction.         (line 19)
* timer reconsideration:                 ccRTP Overview.       (line 41)
* timestamp clock rate:                  Payload Types and Formats.
                                                               (line 25)
* timestamp offset:                      Sending Data.         (line  6)
* transmission queue:                    Using ccRTP.          (line 24)
* Types of Sessions:                     Types of Sessions.    (line  6)
* Upgrading:                             Upgrading.            (line  6)
* Using ccRTP:                           Using ccRTP.          (line  6)



Tag Table:
Node: Top840
Node: Introduction2058
Ref: Introduction-Footnote-15455
Node: Distribution5532
Node: ccRTP Overview6807
Node: Simple Transmitter10143
Node: Simple Receiver10852
Node: Using ccRTP11842
Node: RTP Sessions14445
Node: Initiating Sessions15116
Node: Sending Data17436
Node: Receiving Data18816
Node: Closing Sessions19799
Node: Types of Sessions20591
Node: Payload Types and Formats20918
Ref: Payload Types and Formats-Footnote-124146
Node: Participants24247
Node: RTP Packets Extensions29070
Node: RTCP Packets Extensions29453
Node: Handling Events29768
Node: RTP Packets Arrival30418
Node: RTP Packets Expiration30860
Node: RTCP Packets Arrival31072
Node: Synchronization Source States31671
Node: SSRC Collisions31897
Node: Specialized Payload Formats32097
Node: Standards Tracking32366
Node: Upgrading33300
Ref: Upgrading-Footnote-136536
Ref: Upgrading-Footnote-236640
Ref: Upgrading-Footnote-336728
Node: ccRTP Internals36743
Node: Internals Overview37092
Node: Collisions and Loops37442
Node: Algorithms in the Standard38628
Node: A.139487
Node: A.240369
Node: A.340559
Node: A.440735
Node: A.540925
Node: A.641202
Node: A.741598
Node: A.842917
Node: Related Work43119
Node: Future Work43464
Node: Licenses43592
Node: GNU General Public License43960
Node: GNU Free Documentation License63225
Node: GNU ccRTP Linking Exception85652
Node: Class and Data Type Index86975
Node: Method and Function Index89452
Node: Concept Index95237

End Tag Table


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